IMS and JEOL are now partners in developing a multi-beam mask writer, according to the press release at Businesswire.
Contamination and doping
Not surprisingly, properties of a two-dimensional material, being all surface, may be exquisitely susceptible to contamination. (See “Experimenting with monolayers” and links therein.) This general observation has been recently confirmed in MoS2 as well.
On the other hand, this susceptibility can be exploited for band engineering, doping, etc. Two recent preprints on the arXiv make interesting reading. See arXiv:1308.4924, discussing organometallic complexes of graphene, as well as arXiv:1308.1645, discussing the reversible grafting of naphthylmethyl radicals to graphene.
AFLOW
Related to the automated search which I mentioned in my previous post Beyond graphene, AFLOWLIB.ORG have posted a description and announcement of an extensive automated “software framework for high-throughput calculation of crystal structure properties of alloys, intermetallics and inorganic compounds.” See the publication “AFLOW: an automatic framework for high-throughput materials discovery“, as well as their website.
Beyond graphene
I have posted several times on the topic of graphene. There is considerable interest in other two-dimensional (2D) materials. I would like to point out two recent papers.
S Butler, et al., ACS Nano, 2013, 7 (4), pp 2898–2926
“Progress, Challenges, and Opportunities in Two-Dimensional Materials Beyond Graphene”
This is a big review (29 pages, 340 references) with an experimental emphasis. It encompasses four major sections: known syntheses and preparation strategies, sample characterization techniques, bulk vs. single/few layer electronic behavior, and applications. It is quite readable by the non-specialist.
(The paper can be found on-line.)
S Lebègue, et al., Phys. Rev. X 3, 031002 (2013)
“Two-Dimensional Materials from Data Filtering and Ab Initio Calculations”
The emphasis of this theoretical paper is to identify previously unknown 2D materials which may have interesting properties. Running through a database of crystollographic structures, the authors select bulk materials according to their unit cell packing ratios and the gap between adjacent c-planes. The geometries of the corresponding single layer structures are optimized, driving the forces on the constituent atoms toward zero. As a last step, the band structure and density of states are determined for each candidate structure. This process resulted in 92 2D candidate compounds.
TEM Resolution Limit
Careful experiments from CEOS Corrected Electron Optical Systems GmbH in Heidelberg have shown that stochastic magnetic field noise limits the ultimate resolution of transmission electron microscopes. This magnetic field noise is due to unavoidable thermal currents in the conductors of which the TEM is constructed. Best summarized in the authors’ words, “[E]xperiments have revealed a hitherto unknown fundamental performance limitation for electron microscopy due to the stochastic beam deflection caused by the noise fields.” The authors estimate that observed image blur of 15-25 pm can be explained by this phenomenon.
Reference: Stephan Uhlemann, Heiko Müller, Peter Hartel, Joachim Zach, and Max. Haider, “Thermal Magnetic Field Noise Limits Resolution in Transmission Electron Microscopy”, Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 046101 (2013)
See also: “Viewpoint: What Are the Resolution Limits in Electron Microscopes?“
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